The stamping process can be roughly divided into two categories: separation process and forming process (also divided into bending, deep drawing, and forming). The separation process is to separate the stamping part and the blank from each other along a certain contour line during the stamping process, and the quality of the separated section of the stamping part must also meet certain requirements; the forming process is to make the stamping blank plastic deformation under the condition of no damage, And convert it into the required finished shape, and at the same time, it should also meet the requirements of dimensional tolerance and so on.
According to the temperature during stamping, there are two methods: cold stamping and hot stamping. This depends on the strength, plasticity, thickness, degree of deformation and equipment capacity of the material, etc., and the original heat treatment state and end-use conditions of the material should be considered.
1. The processing of cold stamped metal at room temperature is generally suitable for blanks with a thickness of less than 4mm. The advantages are that no heating, no oxide skin, good surface quality, convenient operation and low cost. The disadvantage is that there is work hardening, and in severe cases, the metal loses its ability to further deform. Cold stamping requires that the thickness of the blank is uniform, the fluctuation range is small, and the surface is smooth, spotless, and scratch-free.
2. Hot stamping is a stamping method in which the metal is heated to a certain temperature range. The advantages are that it can eliminate internal stress, avoid work hardening, increase the plasticity of the material, reduce the deformation resistance, and reduce the power consumption of the equipment. (Source: China Machinery Network)
3. Die structure: A die is a tool that separates or deforms the sheet. A typical die consists of an upper die and a lower die. The die handle of the upper die is fixed on the slide block of the punch press and moves up and down with the slide block, and the lower die is fixed on the workbench of the punch press.
The punch and the die are the working parts in the die that deform or separate the blank, and are respectively fixed on the upper and lower template by pressing plates. The upper and lower die plates are respectively equipped with guide sleeves and guide posts to guide the alignment of the punch and the die. The guide plate and the positioning pin are used to control the feeding direction and feeding length of the blank, respectively. The function of the stripper is to release the workpiece or blank from the punch after punching.